boving



March 27, 1928. 1,664,347

J. O. BOVING APPARATUS-FOR RAREFYING GASES Filed Feb. 10. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 27, 1928. 1,664,347

' J. o. BOVING API ARA'IUS FOR RAREFYING GASES Filed Feb. 10 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i/ZQZ e Patented Mar. 27, 1928.

Jens on'rnn BOVING, or WESTMINSTER, LONDON, ENGLAND.

APYARATUS FOR RAREFYING GASES.

Application filed February 10, 1926, Serial No. 87,369, and in Great Britain February 27, 1925.

This invention relates to hydraulic apparatus, working on the siphon principle, for rarefying gases.

According to the invention the apparatus I comprises a chamberfor connection to a vacuum pan or other receptacle containing the air or other gas to be rarefied, two downwardly extending conduitsentering the said chamber and constituting with the latter a siphon serving by the descent of liquid in one of the said conduits (herein termed the discharge conduit) to draw liquid up the other conduit (herein termed the supply conduit) into the said chamber, and an induction head at the upper end of thedischarge conduit, this induction head having holes or pipes communicating with the interior of the said chamber so that during the siphoning action air or gas from the said chamber (and therefore from the vacuum pan or other receptacle connected thereto) is entrained in the liquid entering the discharge conduit, the remaining air or gas being thus rarefied and being maintained in this condition so long as the apparatus is working.

In one form of the invention for use when there is available a body of water, such as a river, one portion of which (termed the high level water) is at a .higer level than the rest (termed the low level water), the lower end of the aforesaid supply conduit dips into the high level water and the lower end of the discharge conduit dips into the low level water. The difference in level between the high level water and the low level water thus serves to provide for the siphoning action of the apparatus and for the consequent rarefication of the air. or gas as 40 aforesaid, which continues so long as the water flows .through the apparatus.

In another form of the invention for use under conditions where the natural operating head provided by the high and low level water referred to above is not available, the aforesaid discharge conduit discharges into an open tank and the lower end of the sup-' ply conduit communicates with the liquid in this tank, and in this case, asthere is no natural operating head of water, a lifting pump of the required capacity is provided to pump liquid from v the tank into the supply conduit, this pump taking the place of the said natural operating head. The appara- 5 tus in this form is self-contained as the same volume of liquid is in constant circulation and consequently any liquid suitable for the particular gas to be rarefied can be used.

The discharge conduit may be in the form of a pipe arranged centrally within an outer pipe (or a casing) of larger diameter than the former pipe, the annular space between the twov pipes constituting the supply conduit; The. induction head is preferably made tofloat on the liquid within the aforesaidchamber and the upper part of the discharge pipe is made telescopic and connected to the induction head; in this manner the induction head and the contiguous part of the discharge'pipe through which the liquid enters are maintained at a fixed position in relation to the level of the liquid in the chamber so as to obtain maximum efiiciency.

The wall between the aforesaid conduits may be provided with charging ports which can be opened or closed at will in order to enable the siphoning action to be started without its being necessary to employ external means for creating a vacuum in the aforesaid chamber.

In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readil carried into effect, the same will now be escribed more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional view shewing a constructional form of the invention.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 of a slightly modified form.

A is the supply conduit and B is the discharge conduit. In Figures 1, 2 and 4 the latter conduitis constituted by a pipe arranged centrally within another pipe (J (Figures 1 and 4.) or within a concrete or other built-up casing C (Figure 2), the annular space between the parts B and C constitutingthe supply conduit A. D is the chamber with which the conduits A and B communicate at their upper ends, this chamber having a pipe (I connected to a vacuum pan or other receptacle containing the air or other gas to be rarefied, and E is the inductionhead carried by a float E and provided with air holes 6, e (or alternately air pipes) which communicate with the interior of the chamber D. The head E is connected to the upper part B of the discharge conduit B, which upper part canslide with respect to the main part as shewn. By reason of this arrangement the head E and the part- B always occupy the same position relatively to the level of the liquid I the ports 2), b. into the lower part of the in the chamber D notwithstanding-any rise and fallofthe level oft-his'liquid'whichmay occur during working. The connectionbetween the head lfl and the part 13- is preferably effected by adjustable screws 6, 6 so that the distance between the lowen pan 3.075 the head E and the flared opening at the top oi the part B oanbe altered-to-vary the amount of liquid flowing, into the discharge conduit 13;

Referring to: Figure 1, the lowerend of the supplyconduit-"A dips into a body of water 1' (termed the high level water)" and the lower" end of. the discharge conduit B dips into a'body ofwater 2 (termed the'low level water) arranged at a suitable levelbelow the highlfevel water 1. F is an adjusta-bl'e sleeve which surrounds the discharge conduit Band' which can be displaced by a handwheel Fon the outside ofthepipeClso as to open or" close" at will' charging. ports 6,6 .inthewall of this conduit. In startin the working of'tlie apparatus; the sleeve F s moved to open'the ports 6, b there'- by establishing communication between the conduits A and'B'andithereiore betweenthe high" level water. 1 and the low level water 2. The water from thehigh levelrushes through discharge conduitiB' and in so doing ontrains a-certain amount; of air from the upper part of" the conduit B and'the chamber Drthereby creating a smalland'steadil'y increasing vacuum. This causes the water level to rise in both the'conduit Bandthe conduitA and for an apparatus designed to give a moderate degree-of vacuum in-the chamber D the water level will eventually rise-up to the desiredhei'ght' in the chamber D above the flaredropeningiofthe upper part B ofthe-conduit"Bwhereupon the'sleeve F is moved toclose theportsb, b a-ndthe' siphoning action is thus established, air being thensuckeid through the holes (or pipes) e, e of the induction-head from the chamber D and from the vacuum pan or other receptacle. connected thereto by the pipe al this air passing with: the water down the discharge conduit B and escapingrtothe at mosphere at the low level; For an apparatus designedto give agreater degree of vacuum theremay be two or more sets ofth'e aforesaidfports atdiii'erent levels each provided with sleeves similar to the sleeve F andlin thiscasethe opening of the lower set oflports brings the water levelup tothe next highest set of ports; the latter set of ports are then opened' andthe lower set of ports closed, this action being, repeated in respect offtheother sets of ports (when these are provided) until the water level reaches the desired height in the chamber D as aforesaid;

The construction shewn b. VFigure 2is in principle the same as that s iewn by Figure fied, tWodownwardly exten i condhits entering the said chamber and constituting with the lattera: siphon serving by the, descent ofliquid in one of'said conduits to draw liquid up the othenconduit'intosaid"' chamber, an'induction' head arranged" ahtheupper'entl of the former conduit and: pro-' vided' with conduits communicating with the interior of said chamber, and"; means for opening and closing atrwill portsinthe wallbetween s'aidconduits sons to start therap= paratus working without" the necessity of creating a vacuum by externalmeansi y 2. Hydraulic apparatus; working on the siphon principle, for rarefyin gases" and for use when there is (available a= Maggi?" water, such" asa river, oneportion of is at a higherflever than the rest, comprisin a chamber for connection. to a; race tacli containing the air'orfgas toberarefie j two' downwardly extendin conduits entering the saidchamb'er one of t ese conduits'dipping into the high level waterand the otiien'mn duit discharging into the low level water so that these condiiits and the said chamber constitute a siphon, an inductionyhead ar rangedat the up ler endof the latter conduit and, providedwi h conduits communicating. with the interior ofsaidchannber, andmeans for opening and closing at will ports in the wall; between said; conduits so? as to start? the apparatus;working 'withoutthe necessity otcreating a vacuum by external'means;

3; Hydraulic apparatus, working'on the siphon principle, I for, ,rarefying" gases, comprising a chamber for connection to a' re= ceptacle*containingthe. air or V s to berare fied, two downwardly exten ing and c0 axially arranged conduits entering the said chamber and constituting with the .latter a siphon serving'by the descent of lii uid in one of said conduits to draw'liquidiup'the other'conduit into said chamber; an iiidllfi tion head arranged at the upper end ofthe former conduit andprovided', with conduits communicating with the interior of said chamber, and'means for opening and closing at will ports'in the wall between said conduits so as to starththe apparatus worhing without the necessity of cre'atinga vacuum by externalfmeansg 4, Hydraulic apparatus, working on the siphonprinciple, for-rarefying gasesand fbr 1 ing into the low level water so that these conduits and the said chamber constitute a siphon, an induction head arranged at the upper end of the latter conduit and provided with conduits communicating with the interior of said chamber and means for opening and closing at will ports in the wall between said conduits so as to start the apparatus working without the necessity of creating a vacuum b external means.

JNS ORTEN BOVING. 

